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is there a seat spare

Толкование Перевод

1 spare

speə
1. verb
1) (to manage without: No-one can be spared from this office.) prescindir, pasar sin

2) (to afford or set aside for a purpose: I can't spare the time for a holiday.) disponer de

3) (to treat with mercy; to avoid injuring etc: `Spare us!' they begged.) perdonar

4) (to avoid causing grief, trouble etc to (a person): Break the news gently in order to spare her as much as possible.) evitar

5) (to avoid using, spending etc: He spared no expense in his desire to help us.) escatimar

6) (to avoid troubling (a person with something); to save (a person trouble etc): I answered the letter myself in order to spare you the bother.) evitar

2. adjective
1) (extra; not actually being used: We haven't a spare (bed) room for guests in our house.) de repuesto, de sobra

2) ((of time etc) free for leisure etc: What do you do in your spare time?) libre

3. noun
1) (a spare part (for a car etc): They sell spares at that garage.) pieza de recambio, pieza de repuesto

2) (an extra wheel etc, kept for emergencies.) rueda de recambio

•

- sparing
- sparingly
- spare part
- spare rib
- and to spare
- to spare

spare¹ adj

1. de repuesto / de recambio

a spare wheel una rueda de repuesto

2. de sobra / sobrante / de más

have you got a spare ticket? ¿tienes una entrada de más? / ¿te sobra una entrada?

spare² vb

1. dar / dejar / tener

can you spare me £10? ¿me puedes dar diez libras?

can you spare me five minutes? ¿tienes cinco minutos?

2. perdonar

they spared his life le perdonaron la vida

... to spare... de sobra

we have lots of time to spare tenemos tiempo de sobra

spare

tr[speə^SMALLr/SMALL]

adjective

1 (reserve) de repuesto; (free) libre; (extra) de sobra

■ a spare key una llave de repuesto

■ the spare room el cuarto de los invitados

■ a spare moment un momento libre

■ we've got a spare ticket tenemos una entrada de sobra

■ have you got any spare change? ¿tienes algo suelto?

2 (thin, lean) enjuto,-a

noun

1 (spare part) recambio, repuesto

transitive verb

1 (do without) prescindir de, pasar sin

■ we can't spare anyone today no podemos prescindir de nadie hoy

■ can you spare a few coins? ¿te sobran algunas monedas?

■ I can't spare the time no tengo tiempo

■ can you spare me five minutes? ¿tienes cinco minutos?, ¿puedes dedicarme cinco minutos?

2 (begrudge) escatimar

■ no expense was spared no repararon en gastos

■ no trouble was spared no escatimaron esfuerzos

3 (save, relieve) ahorrar, evitar

■ I wanted to spare myself the trouble quería ahorrarme la molestia

■ spare me the gory details ahórrate los detalles escabrosos

4 literal (not harm, not kill, show mercy) perdonar

■ we prayed that his life might be spared rogamos para que le perdonaran la vida

■ he tried to spare her feelings procuró no herir sus sentimientos

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to go spare (become angry) cabrearse, enloquecer 2 (be leftover) sobrar

to spare de sobra

■ have you got any bread to spare? ¿tienes algo de pan de sobra?

to spare a thought for somebody pensar un momento en alguien

to spare somebody's blushes ahorrarle un bochorno a alguien, no hacer que alguien pase vergüenza

spare part (pieza de) recambio, pieza de repuesta

spare time tiempo libre

spare tyre (wheel) rueda de recambio 2 (stomach) michelín nombre masculino

spare wheel rueda de recambio

spare ['spær] vt, spared ; sparing

1) : perdonar

to spare someone's life: perdonarle la vida a alguien

2) save: ahorrar, evitar

I'll spare you the trouble: le evitaré la molestia

3) : prescindir de

I can't spare her: no puedo prescindir de ella

can you spare a dollar?: ¿me das un dólar?

4) stint: escatimar

they spared no expense: no repararon en gastos

5)

to spare : de sobra

spare adj

1) : de repuesto, de recambio

spare tire: llanta de repuesto

2) excess: de más, de sobra

spare time: tiempo libre

3) lean: delgado

spare n or spare part : repuesto m, recambio m

spare

adj.

• descarnado, -a adj.

• desocupado, -a adj.

• disponible adj.

• enjuto, -a adj.

• libre adj.

• sobrante adj.

• sobrero, -a adj.

• suelto, -a adj.

n.

• pieza de recambio s.f.

• recambio s.m.

• repuesto s.m.

v.

• ahorrar v.

• economizar v.

• escasear v.

• evitar v.

I sper, speə(r)
adjective

a) ( not in use) de más

have you got a spare umbrella you could lend me? — ¿tienes un paraguas de más que me puedas prestar?

have you got any spare paper o (BrE also) any paper spare? — ¿tienes un poco de papel que no te haga falta?

to go spare — (BrE colloq) ( become distraught) enloquecerse*, volverse* loco; (lit: be available) sobrar

b) ( in case of need) (before n) <key/cartridge> de repuesto

c) ( free) libre

if you've got a spare minute — si tienes un minuto (libre)

II

noun

a) ( reserve)

I'll take a spare just in case — llevaré uno de repuesto por si acaso

b) spares pl ( spare parts) (BrE) repuestos mpl or (Méx) refacciones fpl

III

transitive verb

1)

a) ( do without)

can you spare your dictionary for a moment? — ¿me permites el diccionario un momento, si no lo necesitas?

if you can spare the time — si tienes or dispones de tiempo

b) ( give)

to spare (somebody) something: can you spare me a pound? ¿tienes una libra que me prestes/des?; can you spare me a few minutes? ¿tienes unos minutos?; to spare a thought for somebody — pensar* un momento en alguien

c)

to spare — (as adj)

there's food to spare — hay comida de sobra

have you got a few minutes to spare? — ¿tienes unos minutos?

we arrived at the station with half an hour to spare — llegamos a la estación con media hora de anticipación

2)

a) (keep from using, stint) (usu neg)

to spare no effort — no escatimar esfuerzos

to spare no expense — no reparar en gastos

b) (save, relieve)

to spare somebody something — \<\<trouble/embarrassment\>\> ahorrarle algo a alguien

spare me the details — ahórrate los detalles

c) (show mercy, consideration toward) perdonar

to spare somebody's life — perdonarle la vida a alguien

to spare somebody's feelings — no herir* los sentimientos de alguien

[spɛǝ(r)]
1. ADJ

1) (=extra) de más, de sobra; (=reserve) de reserva; (=free) libre

there's a spare blanket if you're cold — hay una manta de más or de sobra si tienes frío

take a spare pair of socks — llévate otro par de calcetines

I keep a spare pair of glasses — guardo unas gafas de reserva

I leave a spare key with the neighbours — dejo una llave de reserva en casa de los vecinos

I always keep a bit of spare cash for emergencies — siempre guardo un poco de dinero extra para emergencias

is there a seat spare? — ¿queda algún asiento libre?

is there any milk spare? — ¿queda leche?

have you got a spare jacket I could borrow? — ¿tienes otra chaqueta para prestarme?

I do it whenever I get a spare moment — lo hago cuando tengo un momento libre

spare time — tiempo m libre

• to go spare * — (=be available) sobrar, quedar; (Brit) (=get angry) ponerse como loco *

there are two tickets going spare — quedan or sobran dos entradas

the boss will go spare when he finds out — el jefe se pondrá como loco cuando se entere *

2) (=lean) [body, build] enjuto liter

3) (=sparse) liter austero, sobrio

2. N

1) (gen)

always carry a spare in case you have a puncture — lleve siempre una rueda de recambio or repuesto por si tiene un pinchazo

I've lost my toothbrush and I don't have a spare — he perdido el cepillo de dientes y no tengo otro

2) (also: spare part) (pieza f de) recambio m, (pieza f de) repuesto m, refacción f (Mex)

3. VT

1) (=make available)

can you spare the time? — ¿dispones del tiempo?, ¿tienes tiempo?

it's good of you to spare the time — es muy amable de su parte dedicarme (este) tiempo

I can spare you five minutes — le puedo conceder or dedicar cinco minutos

• to spare a thought for sb — pensar un momento en algn

2) (=do without)

can you spare this for a moment? — ¿me puedo llevar esto un momento?

if you can spare it — si no lo vas a necesitar

we can't spare him now — ahora no podemos prescindir de él

• we completed the job with three days to spare — terminamos el trabajo con tres días de antelación

I arrived at the station with two minutes/time to spare — llegué a la estación con dos minutos de antelación/con tiempo de sobra

there's enough and to spare — basta y sobra, hay más que suficiente para todos

3) (=be grudging with)

she spared no effort in helping me — no escatimó esfuerzos para ayudarme

they spared no expense in refurbishing the house — no repararon en or escatimaron gastos a la hora de renovar la casa

- spare the rod, spoil the child

4) (=show mercy to) perdonar

the fire spared nothing — el incendio no perdonó nada

• to spare sb's feelings — no herir los sentimientos de algn

• to spare sb's life — perdonar la vida a algn

5) (=save) ahorrar, evitar

• I'll spare you the gory details — me ahorraré los detalles escabrosos, te evitaré los detalles escabrosos

• to spare sb the trouble of doing sth — ahorrar or evitar a algn la molestia de hacer algo

I could have spared myself the trouble — podía haberme ahorrado or evitado la molestia
blush 1., 1)
4.

CPD

spare bedroom N — cuarto m de invitados, habitación f de invitados

spare part N — (pieza f de) repuesto m, (pieza f de) recambio m, refacción f (Mex)

spare room N — cuarto m de invitados, cuarto m para las visitas

spare tyre, spare tire (US) N — (Aut) neumático m de recambio, llanta f de recambio (LAm); (Brit) hum michelín m

spare wheel N — (Aut) rueda f de repuesto or recambio

* * *

I [sper, speə(r)]
adjective

a) ( not in use) de más

have you got a spare umbrella you could lend me? — ¿tienes un paraguas de más que me puedas prestar?

have you got any spare paper o (BrE also) any paper spare? — ¿tienes un poco de papel que no te haga falta?

to go spare — (BrE colloq) ( become distraught) enloquecerse*, volverse* loco; (lit: be available) sobrar

b) ( in case of need) (before n) <key/cartridge> de repuesto

c) ( free) libre

if you've got a spare minute — si tienes un minuto (libre)

II

noun

a) ( reserve)

I'll take a spare just in case — llevaré uno de repuesto por si acaso

b) spares pl ( spare parts) (BrE) repuestos mpl or (Méx) refacciones fpl

III

transitive verb

1)

a) ( do without)

can you spare your dictionary for a moment? — ¿me permites el diccionario un momento, si no lo necesitas?

if you can spare the time — si tienes or dispones de tiempo

b) ( give)

to spare (somebody) something: can you spare me a pound? ¿tienes una libra que me prestes/des?; can you spare me a few minutes? ¿tienes unos minutos?; to spare a thought for somebody — pensar* un momento en alguien

c)

to spare — (as adj)

there's food to spare — hay comida de sobra

have you got a few minutes to spare? — ¿tienes unos minutos?

we arrived at the station with half an hour to spare — llegamos a la estación con media hora de anticipación

2)

a) (keep from using, stint) (usu neg)

to spare no effort — no escatimar esfuerzos

to spare no expense — no reparar en gastos

b) (save, relieve)

to spare somebody something — \<\<trouble/embarrassment\>\> ahorrarle algo a alguien

spare me the details — ahórrate los detalles

c) (show mercy, consideration toward) perdonar

to spare somebody's life — perdonarle la vida a alguien

to spare somebody's feelings — no herir* los sentimientos de alguien

English-spanish dictionary > spare
2 spare

spare [spεə^r]

1. adjective

   a. ( = reserve) de réserve ; ( = replacement) de rechange ; ( = surplus) en trop

• take a spare pen in case that one runs out prends un stylo de rechange au cas où celui-ci n'aurait plus d'encre

• I've a spare pen if you want it je peux te passer un stylo, si tu veux

• have you any spare cups? (in case you need more) est-ce que tu as des tasses de réserve ? ; (which you're not using) est-ce que tu as des tasses en trop ?

• take some spare clothes prends des vêtements de rechange

• there were no spare chairs il n'y avait pas de chaise libre

• a spare bed un lit de libre ; (for houseguests) un lit d'amis

• have you got any spare cash? est-ce que tu as un peu d'argent ?

• I'll lend you my spare key je vais te prêter mon double (de clé)

• I've got a spare ticket for the play j'ai une place en plus pour la pièce de théâtre

• there are two going spare (inf) il en reste deux

• thousands of tickets are going spare (inf) il reste des milliers de billets

   b. ( = thin) [person, body] sec ( sèche f)

   c. (British = crazy) (inf!) to go spare devenir dingue (inf)

• to drive sb spare rendre qn dingue (inf)

2. noun

( = part) pièce f de rechange ; ( = wheel) roue f de secours

3. transitive verb

   a. ( = do without) se passer de

• we can't spare him just now nous ne pouvons pas nous passer de lui en ce moment

• can you spare it? vous n'en avez pas besoin ?

• can you spare £10? est-ce que tu aurais 10 livres à me passer ?

• can you spare some change please? vous n'avez pas une petite pièce ?

• I can't spare the time (to do it) je n'ai pas le temps (de le faire)

• I can only spare an hour for my piano practice je ne peux consacrer qu'une heure à mes exercices de piano

• I can spare you five minutes je peux vous accorder cinq minutes

• to spare a thought for avoir une pensée pour

   b. ( = show mercy to) épargner

• to spare sb's feelings ménager qn

   c. [+ suffering, grief] épargner

• to spare sb embarrassment éviter de l'embarras à qn

• you could have spared yourself the trouble vous auriez pu vous épargner tout ce mal

• I'll spare you the details je vous fais grâce des détails

   d. ( = refrain from using) [+ one's strength, efforts] ménager

• we have spared no expense nous n'avons pas reculé devant la dépense

• no expense spared peu importe le prix

• he could have spared himself the trouble il s'est donné du mal pour rien

   e. ► to spare ( = available)

I've only a few minutes to spare je ne dispose que de quelques minutes

• he had time to spare so he went to the pictures il avait du temps devant lui, alors il est allé au cinéma

• there are three to spare il en reste trois

• I've got none to spare j'ai juste ce qu'il me faut

• she had a metre to spare elle en avait un mètre de trop

• with two minutes to spare avec deux minutes d'avance

4. compounds

► spare bedroom noun chambre f d'amis

► spare part noun pièce f de rechange

► spare room noun chambre f d'amis

► spare time noun temps m libre

• to do sth in one's spare time faire qch pendant son temps libre ► spare-time adjective

• spare-time activities loisirs mpl ► spare tyre noun roue f de secours ; ( = fat) (inf) poignée f d'amour

► spare wheel noun roue f de secours

* * *
[speə(r)] 1.
noun Technology, gen ( part) pièce f de rechange; ( wheel) roue f de secours

use my pen, I've got a spare — prends mon stylo, j'en ai un autre
2.
adjective

1) ( surplus) [cash, capacity] restant; [capital, land, chair, seat] disponible; [copy] en plus

I've got a spare ticket — j'ai un ticket en trop

a spare moment — un moment de libre

2) ( in reserve) gen de rechange; [wheel] de secours

3) [person, build] élancé; [design, building, style] simple

4) (colloq) GB ( mad) dingue (colloq)
3.
transitive verb

1)

to have something to spare — avoir quelque chose de disponible

have my pen, I've got one to spare — prends mon stylo, j'en ai un autre

to catch the train with five minutes to spare — prendre le train avec cinq minutes d'avance

I have no time to spare for doing — je n'ai pas de temps à perdre à faire

the project was finished with only days to spare — le projet a été terminé seulement quelques jours avant la date limite

2) ( treat leniently) épargner

to spare somebody something — épargner quelque chose à quelqu'un

3)

can you spare a minute/a pound? — as-tu un moment/une livre?

to spare a thought for — penser à

4) ( manage without) se passer de [person]

to spare somebody for — se passer de quelqu'un pour [task]
4.
reflexive verb

to spare oneself something — s'épargner quelque chose

to spare oneself the trouble of doing — s'épargner l'ennui de faire

to spare oneself the expense of — faire l'économie de

••

to spare no effort — faire tout son possible

to spare no pains — se donner du mal

English-French dictionary > spare
3 spare

1. adjective
1) (not in use) übrig

spare time/moment — Freizeit, die/freier Augenblick

there is one spare seat — ein Platz ist noch frei

are there any spare tickets for Friday? — gibt es noch Karten für Freitag?

2) (for use when needed) zusätzlich, Extra[bett, -tasse]

spare room — Gästezimmer, das

go spare — (Brit. coll.): (be very angry) durchdrehen (salopp)
2. noun
Ersatzteil, das/-reifen, der usw.
3. transitive verb
1) (do without) entbehren

can you spare me a moment? — hast du einen Augenblick Zeit für mich?

we arrived with ten minutes to spare — wir kamen zehn Minuten früher an

2) (not inflict on)

spare somebody something — jemandem etwas ersparen

3) (not hurt) [ver]schonen

4) (fail to use)

not spare any expense/pains or efforts — keine Kosten/Mühe scheuen

no expense spared — an nichts gespart. See also academic.ru/62742/rod">rod 3)

* * *
[speə] 1. verb
1) (to manage without: No-one can be spared from this office.) verschonen

2) (to afford or set aside for a purpose: I can't spare the time for a holiday.) erübrigen

3) (to treat with mercy; to avoid injuring etc: `Spare us!' they begged.) verschonen

4) (to avoid causing grief, trouble etc to (a person): Break the news gently in order to spare her as much as possible.) ersparen

5) (to avoid using, spending etc: He spared no expense in his desire to help us.) sparen

6) (to avoid troubling (a person with something); to save( a person trouble etc): I answered the letter myself in order to spare you the bother.) ersparen
2. adjective
1) (extra; not actually being used: We haven't a spare (bed) room for guests in our house.) Ersatz-...

2) ((of time etc) free for leisure etc: What do you do in your spare time?) die Freizeit
3. noun
1) (a spare part (for a car etc): They sell spares at that garage.) das Ersatzteil

2) (an extra wheel etc, kept for emergencies.) der Reservereifen

•

- sparing
- sparingly
- spare part
- spare rib
- and to spare
- to spare
* * *

spare

[speəʳ, AM sper]

I. vt

1. (not kill)

▪ to \spare sb jdn verschonen

2. (go easy on)

▪ to \spare sb jdn schonen

▪ to not \spare oneself [in sth] ( form) sich akk selbst [bei etw dat] nicht schonen

to \spare sb's feelings jds Gefühle schonen, Rücksicht auf jds Gefühle nehmen

3. (avoid)

▪ to \spare sb sth jdm etw ersparen

the government troops have been \spared loss of life bis jetzt sind den Regierungstruppen Verluste [an Menschenleben] erspart geblieben

\spare us the suspense and tell us who won the first prize spann uns nicht auf die Folter und erzähl uns, wer den ersten Preis gewonnen hat

to \spare sb embarrassment/worry jdm Peinlichkeiten/Sorgen ersparen

4. (not use)

▪ to \spare sth mit etw dat sparen

to \spare no costs [or expense] keine Kosten scheuen

to \spare no effort[s] [or pains] [in sth] [bei etw dat] keine Mühen scheuen

5. (do without)

▪ to \spare sb/sth jdn/etw entbehren, auf jdn/etw verzichten

can you \spare one of those apples? kannst du mir einen dieser Äpfel geben?

to \spare room for sth für etw akk Platz [frei] haben

to have sth to \spare etw übrig haben

6. (make free)

there's no time to \spare es ist keine Zeit übrig

to \spare [the] time [for sth] Zeit [für etw akk] übrig haben

to not have time to \spare keine Zeit zu verlieren haben

7. (give)

▪ to \spare sb sth jdm etw geben

could you \spare me £10 [or £10 for me]? kannst du mir 10 Pfund leihen?

to \spare a thought for sb an jdn denken

8.

▶ to \spare sb's blushes BRIT jdn nicht in Verlegenheit bringen

▶ to \spare one's breath ( iron) sich dat die Worte sparen

▶ \spare the rod and spoil the child ( prov) wer mit der Rute spart, verzieht das Kind prov

▶ to \spare übrig haben

I caught the plane with only two minutes to \spare ich erreichte das Flugzeug zwei Minuten vor dem Abflug

II. adj

1. inv (extra) Ersatz-

all children should bring a \spare set of clothes alle Kinder sollten Kleider zum Wechseln mitbringen

is this seat \spare? ist dieser Platz noch frei?

\spare [bed]room Gästezimmer nt

to have some \spare cash noch etwas Geld übrig haben

\spare key Ersatzschlüssel m

to have a \spare minute [or moment] einen Moment Zeit haben

to be going \spare BRIT ( fam) übrig bleiben

do you want this piece of cake? — yes, if it's going \spare willst du dieses Stück Kuchen? — ja, wenn es sonst keiner will

2. ( liter: thin) hager

\spare build hagerer Körperbau

3. ( liter: meagre) mager

to survive on a \spare diet mit dürftiger Kost auskommen

\spare meal mageres Essen

4. ( usu approv liter: modest) einfach

the room was \spare in design der Raum war sparsam ausgestattet

5. inv BRIT (sl: crazy)

to drive sb \spare jdn wahnsinnig machen fam

to go \spare durchdrehen sl

III. n

1. (reserve) Reserve f

I seem to have lost my key but luckily I always carry a \spare ich habe wohl meinen Schlüssel verloren, aber glücklicherweise trage ich immer einen Ersatzschlüssel bei mir

2. (parts)

▪ \spares pl Ersatzteile pl

* * *
[spɛə(r)]
1. adj

1) den/die/das man nicht braucht, übrig pred; (= surplus) überzählig, übrig pred

spare bed — Gästebett nt

have you any spare string?, have you any string spare? — kannst du mir (einen) Bindfaden geben?, hast du (einen) Bindfaden für mich?

I can give you a racket/pencil, I have a spare one — ich kann dir einen Schläger/Bleistift geben, ich habe noch einen or ich habe einen übrig

take a spare pen in case that one doesn't work — nehmen Sie noch einen Füller mit, falls dieser nicht funktioniert

take some spare clothes — nehmen Sie Kleider zum Wechseln mit

it's all the spare cash I have —

if you have any spare cash — wenn Sie Geld übrig haben

should you have any spare time or a spare minute — sollten Sie Zeit (übrig) haben

when you have a few spare minutes or a few minutes spare —

we have two spare seats — wir haben zwei Plätze übrig

I still have one spare place in the car — ich habe noch einen Platz im Auto (frei)

there are two seats (going) spare — es sind noch zwei Plätze frei

2) (= thin) hager; (= meagre) dürftig

3)

to drive sb spare (inf) — jdn wahnsinnig machen (inf)

to go spare — durchdrehen (inf), wild werden (inf)

2. n
Ersatzteil nt; (= tyre) Reserverad nt
3. vt

1) usu neg (= grudge, use sparingly) sparen mit; expense, pains, effort scheuen

don't spare the horses (hum) — steig aufs Gas (inf)

we must spare no effort in trying to finish this job —

there was no expense spared in building this hotel — beim Bau dieses Hotels ist an nichts gespart worden or hat man keine Kosten gescheut

no expense spared — es wurden keine Kosten gescheut

she doesn't spare herself — sie schont sich nicht

spare the rod and spoil the child (prov) — wer mit der Rute spart, verzieht das Kind (Prov)

2) (= give) money etc übrig haben; space, room frei haben; time (übrig) haben

to spare sb sth — jdm etw überlassen or geben; money jdm etw geben

can you spare the time to do it? — haben Sie Zeit, das zu machen?

I can spare you five minutes —

can you spare a penny for a poor old man? — haben Sie einen Groschen für einen armen alten Mann?

there is none to spare — es ist keine(r, s) übrig

to have sth to spare —

there's enough and to spare — es ist mehr als genug da

to have a few minutes/hours to spare — ein paar Minuten/Stunden Zeit haben

I got to the theatre/airport with two minutes to spare — ich war zwei Minuten vor Beginn der Vorstellung im Theater/vor Abflug am Flughafen

3) (= do without) person, object entbehren, verzichten auf (+acc)

I can't spare him/it — ich kann ihn/es nicht entbehren, ich kann auf ihn/es nicht verzichten, ich brauche ihn/es unbedingt

can you spare this for a moment? — brauchst du das gerade?, kannst du das im Moment entbehren?

if you can spare it — wenn Sie es nicht brauchen

to spare a thought for sb/sth — an jdn/etw denken

4) (= show mercy to) verschonen; (= refrain from upsetting) sb, sb's feelings schonen

the fire spared nothing —

the soldiers spared no-one — die Soldaten verschonten keinen

if we're spared — wenn wir (dann) noch leben

to spare sb's life — jds Leben verschonen

5)

(= save) to spare sb/oneself sth — jdm/sich etw ersparen

spare me the gory details — verschone mich mit den grausigen Einzelheiten

to spare him any embarrassment — um ihn nicht in Verlegenheit zu bringen

he has been spared the ordeal of seeing her again — es blieb ihm erspart, sie noch einmal sehen zu müssen

* * *

spare [speə(r)]

A v/t

1. jemanden oder etwas verschonen, einen Gegner, jemandes Gefühle, jemandes Leben schonen:

(not) spare o.s. sich (nicht) schonen;

spare his blushes bring ihn doch nicht in Verlegenheit!

2. sparsam oder schonend umgehen mit, schonen:

don’t spare the paint spar nicht mit (der) Farbe; → effort 1, expense Bes Redew, pain A 3, rod 3

3. jemandem etwas ersparen, jemanden verschonen mit:

spare me the trouble erspare mir die Mühe;

spare me these explanations verschone mich mit diesen Erklärungen

4. jemanden entbehren

5. etwas entbehren, erübrigen, übrig haben:

can you spare me a cigarette (a moment)? hast du eine Zigarette (einen Augenblick Zeit) für mich (übrig)?;

have no time to spare keine Zeit (zu verlieren) haben; → enough B

B v/i sparsam leben

C adj

1. Ersatz…, Reserve…:

spare tire (bes Br tyre)

a) Reserve-, Ersatzreifen m

b) Br umg hum Rettungsring m (Fettwulst um die Hüfte);

spare part → D 1;

spare-part surgery MED Ersatzteilchirurgie f;

spare wheel Reserve-, Ersatzrad n; you can have my biro, I’ve got a spare one ich hab noch einen

2. überflüssig, -schüssig, übrig:

do you have five spare minutes? haben Sie fünf Minuten Zeit (übrig)?;

spare moment freier Augenblick;

spare room Gästezimmer n;

spare time ( oder hours pl) Freizeit f;

spare-time activities pl Freizeitgestaltung f

3. sparsam, kärglich

4. sparsam (Person)

5. mager (Person)

6. Br sl drive sb spare

a) jemanden auf die Palme bringen,

b) jemanden verrückt machen ( with mit);

go spare auf die Palme gehen

D s

1. TECH Ersatzteil n/m

2. Reserve-, Ersatzreifen m

3. Bowling: Spare m (Abräumen mit 2 Würfen)

* * *
1. adjective
1) (not in use) übrig

spare time/moment — Freizeit, die/freier Augenblick

there is one spare seat — ein Platz ist noch frei

are there any spare tickets for Friday? — gibt es noch Karten für Freitag?

2) (for use when needed) zusätzlich, Extra[bett, -tasse]

spare room — Gästezimmer, das

go spare — (Brit. coll.): (be very angry) durchdrehen (salopp)
2. noun
Ersatzteil, das/-reifen, der usw.
3. transitive verb
1) (do without) entbehren

can you spare me a moment? — hast du einen Augenblick Zeit für mich?

we arrived with ten minutes to spare — wir kamen zehn Minuten früher an

2) (not inflict on)

spare somebody something — jemandem etwas ersparen

3) (not hurt) [ver]schonen

4) (fail to use)

not spare any expense/pains or efforts — keine Kosten/Mühe scheuen

no expense spared — an nichts gespart. See also rod 3)

* * *

adj.

frei adj.

übrig adj. v.

entbehren v.

erübrigen v.

jemandem etwas ersparen ausdr.

jemanden verschonen ausdr.

schonen v.

sparen v.

verschonen v.

übrig haben ausdr.

English-german dictionary > spare
4 spare

[speəʳ, Am sper] vt

1) ( not kill)

to \spare sb jdn verschonen

2) ( go easy on)

to \spare sb jdn schonen;

to not \spare oneself [in sth] ( form) sich akk selbst [bei etw dat] nicht schonen;

to \spare sb's feelings jds Gefühle schonen, Rücksicht auf jds Gefühle nehmen

3) ( avoid)

to \spare sb sth jdm etw ersparen;

the government troops have been \spared loss of life bis jetzt sind den Regierungstruppen Verluste [an Menschenleben] erspart geblieben;

\spare us the suspense and tell us who won the first prize spann uns nicht auf die Folter und erzähl uns, wer den ersten Preis gewonnen hat;

to \spare sb embarrassment/ worry jdm Peinlichkeiten/Sorgen ersparen

4) ( not use)

to \spare sth mit etw dat sparen;

to \spare no costs [or expense] keine Kosten scheuen;

to \spare no effort[s] [or pains] [in sth] [bei etw dat] keine Mühen scheuen

5) ( do without)

to \spare sb/ sth jdn/etw entbehren, auf jdn/etw verzichten;

can you \spare one of those apples? kannst du mir einen dieser Äpfel geben?;

to \spare room for sth für etw akk Platz [frei] haben;

to have sth to \spare etw übrig haben

6) ( make free)

there's no time to \spare es ist keine Zeit übrig;

to \spare [the] time [for sth] Zeit [für etw akk] übrig haben;

to not have time to \spare keine Zeit zu verlieren haben

7) ( give)

to \spare sb sth jdm etw geben;

could you \spare me £10 [or £10 for me] ? kannst du mir 10 Pfund leihen?;

to \spare a thought for sb an jdn denken

PHRASES:

to \spare sb's blushes ( Brit) jdn nicht in Verlegenheit bringen;

to \spare one's breath ( iron) sich dat die Worte sparen;

\spare the rod and spoil the child ( prov) wer mit der Rute spart, verzieht das Kind ( prov)

to \spare übrig haben;

I caught the plane with only two minutes to \spare ich erreichte das Flugzeug zwei Minuten vor dem Abflug adj

1) inv ( extra) Ersatz-;

all children should bring a \spare set of clothes alle Kinder sollten Kleider zum Wechseln mitbringen;

is this seat \spare? ist dieser Platz noch frei?;

\spare [bed]room Gästezimmer nt;

to have some \spare cash noch etwas Geld übrig haben;

\spare key Ersatzschlüssel m;

to have a \spare minute [or moment] einen Moment Zeit haben;

to be going \spare ( Brit) ( fam) übrig bleiben;

do you want this piece of cake? - yes, if it's going \spare willst du dieses Stück Kuchen? - ja, wenn es sonst keiner will

2) (liter: thin) hager;

\spare build hagerer Körperbau

3) (liter: meagre) mager;

to survive on a \spare diet mit dürftiger Kost auskommen;

\spare meal mageres Essen;

4) (usu approv liter: modest) einfach;

the room was \spare in design der Raum war sparsam ausgestattet

5) inv ( Brit) (sl: crazy)

to drive sb \spare jdn wahnsinnig machen ( fam)

to go \spare durchdrehen (sl) n

1) ( reserve) Reserve f;

I seem to have lost my key but luckily I always carry a \spare ich habe wohl meinen Schlüssel verloren, aber glücklicherweise trage ich immer einen Ersatzschlüssel bei mir

2) ( parts)

\spares pl Ersatzteile ntpl

English-German students dictionary > spare
5 свободный

прил.
1) (от кого-л./чего-л.) free (from/of) ;
natural, easy человек свободной профессии ≈ professional man свободный удар( в футболе) ≈ free kick свободная воля ≈ free will свободный народ ≈ free people свободный доступ ≈ easy access свободные манеры ≈ easy manners свободная профессия ≈ free profession свободный ход ≈ free wheeling;
coasting( об автомобиле)
2) (не занятый) vacant;
free (о человеке) свободные часы путь свободен
3) (об одежде) loose, loose-fitting
4) (лишний, которым можно располагать) spare - свободное время свободные полчаса свободные деньги
5) хим. free, uncombined

свобод|ный -
1. free: (находящийся в распоряжении) disposable;
(непринужденный) natural, easy;
~ народ free people;
~ная жизнь life of freedom;
~ человек free man*;
~нoe дыхание easy breathing:
2. (незанятый) free;
~ная экономическая зона free economic zone( area) ;
(о месте и т. п. тж.) vacant, disengaged;
(о деньгах, времени) spare: ~ обмен фунтов на доллары convertibility of the pound;
~ остаток фин. buying power, excess margin, free balance, gross power, free credit;
~ные резервы free reserves;
~ный выпуск акций scrip issue;
~ный капитал spare capital;
~ от налога tax exempt, tax-free;
это место ~но? is this seat free?, is this seat engaged?;
тут много ~ных мест there are plenty of seats here;
телефон ~ен no one is using the telephone;
~ные деньги spare cash sg. ;
~ное от занятий время spare time;
у меня не бывает ни одной ~ной минуты I never have а free moment;

3. (не представляющий препятствия) clear;
~ доступ free access;

4. (незаполненный) uncrowded;
~ трамвай uncrowded tram;

5. (об одежде) loose, easy-fitting;

6.: книга не ~на от недостатков the book is not without faults.

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > свободный
6 ground

1. n земля, поверхность земли

a narrow slip of ground — узкая полоска земли

on English ground — на английской земле

on firm ground — на суше, на твёрдой земле

to lie on the ground — лежать на земле

get off the ground — отрываться от земли

raze to the ground — сравнивать с землей

level to the ground — сравнивать с землей

to roll on the ground — кататься по земле

arcing ground — дуговое замыкание на землю

2. n почва, земля, грунт

fertile ground — плодородная почва

contaminated ground — радиоактивно заражённый грунт, радиоактивно заражённая местность

ground contamination — заражение местности стойкими отравляющими или радиоактивными веществами

ground moistening — грунтовое увлажнение

ground run monitor — блок контроля скорости пробега по земле

to open ground — подготавливать почву, начинать действовать

to thrust a spade into the ground — вонзить лопату в землю

to scratch the ground with a rake — рыхлить землю граблями

the ground rides soft — по этому грунту лошадь идёт мягко

3. n дно моря

to touch ground — коснуться дна

to strike ground — промерить глубину лотом

sea ground — морское дно

speed over the ground — скорость относительно дна моря

4. n горн. подошва выработки

5. n участок земли

under ground — под землей

ground firing — пуск с земли

ground level — уровень земли

ground effect — влияние земли

ground area — земельный участок

6. n сад, парк, участок земли вокруг дома

the mansion has extensive grounds — вокруг особняка обширный парк

ground reaction — влияние земли

ground landlord — владелец земли

ground clutter — засветка от земли

ground return — отражение от земли

sterile ground — безрудный участок

7. n площадка; спортивная площадка

building ground — строительная площадка

teeing ground — часть площадки, на которой находится метка

emergency landing ground — запасная посадочная площадка

calisthenic ground — площадка для вольных упражнений

recreation ground — площадка для игр; спортплощадка

pleasure ground — площадка для игр и развлечений

8. n полигон; аэродром; плац

Pacific Proving ground — тихоокеанский испытательный полигон

drill ground — плац

parade ground — плац

fly ground — аэродром

firing ground — полигон, стрельбище

ground alert — дежурство на аэродроме

9. n территория

camping ground — территория кемпинга

to yield ground to the enemy — сдать территорию врагу

exhibition ground — территория выставки

exibition ground — территория выставки

hostile ground — вражеская территория

10. n местность, область, район

level ground — ровная местность

open ground — открытая местность

undulating ground — волнистая местность

battle ground — район боя

ground plot — план местности

even ground — ровная местность

ground form — рельеф местности

ground fold — складка местности

11. n высота

dominating ground — господствующая высота

commanding ground — командная высота

12. n фон; грунт, грунтовка

green upon a ground of gold — зелёное на золотом фоне

a design of flowers on a white ground — узор из цветов на белом поле

dark ground oblique light — косое освещение на тёмном фоне

original ground surface — естественная поверхность грунта

spoil ground buoy — буй ограждения места свалки грунта

excavating of hard ground — разработка плотного грунта

ground temperature AGC — АРУ по температуре грунта

13. n офортный лак

etching ground — офортный грунт

ground basic slag — размолотый томасовский шлак

14. n жив. план

the middle ground — второй план

ground plan — план по нулевой отметке

15. n основание, причина, мотив

to have no ground for anxiety — не иметь оснований беспокоиться

to have no ground for suspicion — не иметь причин для подозрений

there are several grounds of suspicion against him — имеется несколько причин подозревать его

what is the ground of his complaint? — на каком основании он жалуется?

there are still grounds for hope — всё ещё можно надеяться;

on both these grounds — по этим двум причинам

on personal grounds — по личным мотивам, из личных соображений

on what ground? — на каком основании?, по какой причине?

on what grounds are you refusing? — на каком основании вы отказываетесь?

I acted on good grounds — у меня были все основания действовать таким образом

ground work — основание

ground bed — земляное основание

afford ground — давать основания

ground of action — основание иска

good ground — достаточное основание

16. n предмет, тема

forbidden ground — запретная тема

to tread on forbidden ground — затрагивать запретную тему

debatable ground — спорная тема; предмет спора

common ground — вопрос, в котором спорящие стороны сходятся

delicate ground — щекотливая тема; щекотливый вопрос, щекотливая ситуация

to cover much ground — охватывать много вопросов

to cover the ground — ничего не пропустить

we have a lot of ground to cover — нам ещё многое нужно сделать

17. n l

18. n осадок, гуща, подонки

coffee grounds — кофейная гуща

fallout pattern on the ground — apaктер выпадения осадков

19. n редк. остатки пищи

20. n уст. фундамент

21. n уст. основной принцип

ground mode — основная мода

ground mass — основная масса

ground moraine — основная морена

ground state — основное состояние

ground rule — основные правила игры

22. n уст. зачатки, основы

23. n уст. основная, основополагающая часть

vital ground — основной район обороны

ground plasma — основное вещество цитоплазмы

building above ground level — наземная часть здания

ground tissue parenchima — паренхима основной ткани

equipment ground — заземление нетоковедущих частей установки

24. n уст. охот. нора

to run to ground — загнать в нору

25. n уст. текст. основа

on the ground of — на основании; на основе; по причине; исходя из соображения

26. n уст. муз. граунд, остинатный бас

below ground — умерший, скончавшийся; в земле, в могиле

burnt down to the ground — сожжённый дотла

to begin again from the ground up — начать всё с нуля

to fall to the ground — рушиться; оказаться бесплодным

to be on the ground — драться на дуэли

the conference got off the ground — конференция начала работу

to get the conference off the ground — сдвинуть конференцию с мёртвой точки

to fall on stony ground — падать на бесплодную ночву

into the ground — до последней степени; перейдя все границы

27. a наземный

ground troops — наземные войска

ground operations — наземные боевые действия

ground defence — наземная оборона

ground reconnaissance — наземная разведка

ground beacon — наземный маяк

ground burst — наземный взрыв

ground target — наземная цель

ground cue — наземный ориентир

ground spare — наземный резерв

28. a держащийся низко над землёй

ground fog — низкий туман

ground kick — низкий удар

bad holding ground — плохо держащий грунт

foul holding ground — плохо держащий грунт

good holding ground — хорошо держащий грунт

low-lying ground — низкая местность, низина

29. a аэродромный

ground flare — аэродромный сигнальный огонь

ground power — аэродромное питание

ground starter — аэродромный стартер

ground power supply — аэродромное питание

ground service unit — аэродромная установка

ground air source — аэродромная пневмосистема

30. v сесть на мель

the ship grounded — корабль сел на мель

ground mine — донная мина

ground strap — заземляющая шина

ground tint — краска для печатания фона

ground block — клише для печатания фона

ground bus — земляная шина; шина заземления

31. v посадить на мель

middle ground — мель посредине входа или фарватера

attainable ground area — зона возможных точек посадки

32. v мор. заставить выброситься на берег или приткнуться к берегу

ground current — ток заземления

common ground! — согласен!; я тоже так думаю!

ground fault current — земляной ток повреждения

embarkation ground — район посадки или погрузки на суда

he stood riveted to the ground — он стоял как вкопанный

33. v ав. приземляться

take the ground — приземляться

taken the ground — приземлялся

34. v ав. заставить приземлиться

took the ground — приземлился

35. v ав. препятствовать отрыву от земли

the planes were grounded by the fog, the fog grounded the planes — из-за тумана самолёты не могли подняться в воздух

ground launch — пуск ракеты с Земли

speed near ground — скорость у земли

ground absorption — поглощение землей

ground proximity — сближение с землей

ground visibility — видимость у земли

36. v ав. класть, опускать на землю

to ground arms — складывать оружие, сдаваться

dash to the ground — бросаться на землю

ground mounted — установленный на земле

ground runup — гонка двигателя на земле

to trench the ground — вскапывать землю

ground detector — указатель утечки в землю

37. v ав. опускаться на землю

on ground — на земле

ground impact — удар о землю

ground leak — утечка на землю

ground roll — пробег по земле

holy ground — освящённая земля

38. v ав. основывать, обосновывать

the theory is well grounded — теория хорошо обоснована

39. v ав. обучать основам

to be well grounded in grammar — хорошо знать основы грамматики

40. v ав. эл. заземлять

ground wire — заземляющий провод

ground stake — заземляющий стержень

ground contact — заземляющий контакт

ground electrode — заземляющий электрод

ground the airplane — заземлять самолет

41. v ав. спец. грунтовать

42. v ав. мездрить

43. v ав. стр. положить основание

reasonable ground — достаточное, разумное основание

on the ground that — на том основании; что

on that ground … — на том основании, что …

on the same ground — на том же основании

44. v ав. отстранять от полётов; отчислять из лётного состава

45. v ав. лишать водительских прав; не разрешать водить автомобиль

hovering in the ground effect — висение в зоне влияния земли

in ground effect — в зоне влияния земли

46. v ав. отчислять из флота

47. v ав. не разрешать вылет; не разрешать старт

clear ground — разрешать взлет

48. a молотый, толчёный, измельчённый

ground coffee — молотый кофе

ground rice — рисовая мука

ground cloves — молотая гвоздика

ground spices — молотые пряности

ground limestone — молотый известняк

roasted ground figs — обжаренный молотый инжир

roasted ground chicory — обжаренный молотый цикорий

49. a матовый, матированный

ground glass — матовое стекло

ground glass retouching — ретуширование на матовом стекле

Синонимический ряд:

1. base (noun) account; base; basement; basis; bed; bedrock; bottom; cause; factor; foot; footing; foundation; groundwork; hardpan; infrastructure; motivation; motive; premise; rest; root; seat; seating; substratum; substruction; substructure; underpinning; understructure

2. land (noun) dirt; dry land; earth; land; loam; mold; mould; soil; terra firma

3. reason (noun) argument; proof; reason; wherefore; why; whyfor

4. base (verb) base; bottom; build; establish; fix; found; predicate; rest; root in; seat; set; settle; stay

5. crunched (verb) crunched; gnashed

6. fell (verb) bowl down; bowl over; bring down; cut down; deck; down; drop; fell; flatten; floor; knock down; knock over; lay low; level; mow down; prostrate; throw; throw down; tumble

7. ground (verb) bone up; crammed; ground

8. instruct (verb) educate; indoctrinate; instruct; train

9. milled (verb) crushed; granulated; milled; powdered; pulverised

10. slaved (verb) drudged; grubbed; plodded; slaved; slogged; toiled

Антонимический ряд:

embellishment; heaven

English-Russian base dictionary > ground
7 keep

keep

A n

1 ( maintenance) pension f ; to pay for one's keep payer une pension ; to work for one's keep travailler pour payer sa pension ; to earn one's keep [person] gagner de quoi vivre ; [factory, branch] fig être viable ;

2 Archit donjon m.

B vtr ( prét, pp kept)

1 ( cause to remain) to keep sb in hospital/indoors [person] garder qn à l'hôpital/à l'intérieur ; [illness] retenir qn à l'hôpital/à l'intérieur ; to keep sth/sb clean garder qch/qn propre ; to keep sth warm/cool garder qch au chaud/au frais ; to keep sb warm/cool protéger qn du froid/de la chaleur ; to be kept clean/warm/locked rester propre/au chaud/fermé (à clé) ; to keep sb talking/waiting retenir/faire attendre qn ; I won't keep you to your promise tu n'es pas obligé de tenir ta promesse ; to keep an engine/machine running laisser un moteur/une machine en marche ; bronchitis kept him in bed une bronchite l'a obligé à garder le lit ;

2 ( detain) retenir ; there's nothing to keep me here (plus) rien ne me retient ici ; don't let me keep you! je ne veux pas vous retenir! ; what kept you? qu'est-ce qui t'a retenu? ; I won't keep you a minute je n'en ai pas pour longtemps ; the police are keeping him for questioning la police le garde à vue pour l'interroger ;

3 ( retain) garder, conserver [book, letter, money, receipt] ; garder [job] ; garder [seat, place] (for pour) ; garder, mettre [qch] de côté [ticket, bread] (for pour) ; we keep these glasses for special occasions nous gardons ces verres pour les grandes occasions ; this pullover has kept its colour/shape ce pull-over a gardé sa couleur/forme ;

4 ( have and look after) tenir [shop, restaurant] ; avoir [dog, cat] ; élever [sheep, chickens] ;

5 ( sustain) to keep sth going entretenir qch [conversation, fire, tradition] ; I'll make you a sandwich to keep you going je te ferai un sandwich pour que tu tiennes le coup ; it was only his work that kept him going sans son travail il n'aurait pas tenu le coup ; have you got enough work to keep you going? avez-vous assez de travail pour vous occuper? ;

6 ( store) mettre, ranger ; I keep my money in a safe je mets mon argent dans un coffre-fort ; where do you keep your cups? où rangez-vous vos tasses? ; I keep a spare key in the cupboard j'ai un double de la clé dans le placard ;

7 ( have in stock) [shop, shopkeeper] vendre, avoir [brand, product] ;

8 ( support financially) faire vivre, entretenir [husband, wife, family] ; entretenir [lover] ; avoir [servant] ; fig it'll keep us in beer ça nous permettra de tenir le coup ;

9 ( maintain by writing in) tenir [accounts, list, diary, record] ;

10 ( conceal) to keep sth from sb taire or cacher qch à qn ;

11 ( prevent) to keep sb from doing empêcher qn de faire ;

12 ( observe) tenir [promise] ; garder [secret] ; se rendre à, venir à [appointment, date] ; célébrer [occasion, festival] ; observer [commandments, sabbath, Lent] ;

13 Mus to keep time ou the beat battre la mesure ;

14 †( protect) [God] garder†, protéger [person] (from de) ; [person] défendre [gate, bridge] ;

15 ( maintain) entretenir [car, house] ; well/badly kept bien/mal entretenu.

C vi ( prét, pp kept)

1 to keep doing ( continue) continuer à or de faire ; ( do repeatedly) ne pas arrêter de faire ; to keep going lit continuer ; I don't know how she keeps going! je ne sais pas comment elle tient le coup! ; keep at it! persévérez! ; keep west/straight on continuez vers l'ouest/tout droit ; ‘keep left/right’ ‘tenez votre gauche/droite’ ;

2 ( remain) to keep indoors rester à l'intérieur ; to keep out of the rain se protéger de la pluie ; to keep warm/cool se protéger du froid/de la chaleur ; to keep calm rester calme ; to keep silent ou quiet garder le silence ;

3 ( stay in good condition) [food] se conserver, se garder ;

4 ( wait) [news, business, work] attendre ; I've got something to tell you, it won't keep j'ai quelque chose à te dire, ça ne peut pas attendre ;

5 ( in health) ‘how are you keeping?’ ‘comment allez-vous?’ ; she's keeping well elle va bien.

D v refl to keep oneself subvenir à ses propres besoins ; to keep oneself warm/cool se protéger du froid/de la chaleur ; to keep oneself healthy rester en forme ; to keep oneself to oneself ne pas être sociable ; to keep oneself from doing s'empêcher de faire.

E for keeps adv phr pour de bon, pour toujours.

Idioms

to keep in with sb rester en bons termes avec qn ; to try to keep up with the Joneses rivaliser avec ses voisins ; you can't keep a good man down la compétence finit par être reconnue ; ⇒ clear.

Phrasal verbs

■ keep after:

▶ keep after [sb]

1 ( pursue) pourchasser ;

2 ( chivvy) harceler.

■ keep at:

▶ keep at [sb] US harceler, casser les pieds ○ à [person] ;

▶ keep at it persévérer.

■ keep away:

▶ keep away ne pas s'approcher (from de) ;

▶ keep [sth/sb] away empêcher [qch/qn] de s'approcher, tenir [qch/qn] à distance ; to keep sb away from ( prevent from getting close to) empêcher qn de s'approcher de, tenir qn à distance de [person, fire] ; ( cause to be absent from) tenir qn éloigné de [family] ; to keep sb away from his work empêcher qn de travailler.

■ keep back:

▶ keep back rester en arrière, ne pas s'approcher ; keep back! ne vous approchez pas!, n'avancez pas! ; to keep back from sth ne pas s'approcher de qch ;

▶ keep [sth/sb] back, keep back [sth/sb]

1 ( prevent from advancing) empêcher [qn] de s'approcher [person, crowd] (from de) ; faire redoubler [pupil, student] ; [barrier, dam] retenir [water] ; he kept his hair back with an elastic band il avait les cheveux retenus en arrière par un élastique ;

2 ( retain) garder [money] ; conserver [food, objects] ;

3 ( conceal) cacher [information, fact, detail] (from à) ;

4 ( prevent from doing) retenir [person].

■ keep down:

▶ keep down rester allongé ; keep down! ne bougez pas! ;

▶ keep [sth] down, keep down [sth]

1 ( cause to remain at a low level) limiter [number, speed, costs, expenditure, inflation] ; limiter l'augmentation de [prices, costs, wages, unemployment] ; maîtriser, juguler [inflation] ; to keep one's weight down surveiller son poids ; keep your voice down! baisse la voix! ; keep the noise down! faites moins de bruit! ;

2 ( retain in stomach) garder [food] ;

▶ keep [sb] down

1 GB Sch ( cause to repeat a year) faire redoubler [pupil] ;

2 ( repress) opprimer [people] ; réprimer [revolt].

■ keep in:

▶ keep in [car, cyclist, driver etc] GB tenir sa gauche ; ( elsewhere) tenir sa droite ;

▶ keep [sb/sth] in

1 ( cause to remain inside) empêcher [qn/qch] de sortir [person, animal] ; garder [dentures, contact lenses] ; they're keeping her in ( in hospital) ils la gardent ;

2 ( restrain) rentrer [stomach, elbows] ; réprimer [emotions, anger, impatience] ;

3 Sch ( cause to stay at school) garder [qn] en retenue, coller ○ [pupil].

■ keep off:

▶ keep off

1 ( stay at a distance) keep off! n'avancez pas! ;

2 ( not start) I hope the rain/storm keeps off j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas/que l'orage n'éclatera pas ;

▶ keep off [sth]

1 ( stay away from) ne pas marcher sur ; ‘Please keep off the grass’ ‘Défense de marcher sur la pelouse’ ;

2 ( refrain from) s'abstenir de consommer, éviter [fatty food, alcohol] ; s'abstenir de parler de [subject] ; to keep off cigarettes ne pas fumer ;

▶ keep [sth] off, keep off [sth]

1 ( prevent from touching) éloigner [animals, insects] ; this plastic sheet will keep the rain/ dust off cette housse en plastique protège contre la pluie/la poussière ;

2 ( continue not to wear) ne pas remettre [shoes, hat] ;

▶ keep sb off [sth] ( cause to refrain from) éviter de donner [qch] à qn [food, alcohol] ; empêcher qn de parler de [subject].

■ keep on:

▶ keep on doing ( not stop) continuer à faire ; ( do repeatedly) ne pas cesser de faire ; to keep on with sth poursuivre qch ; to keep on about sth ne pas arrêter de parler de qch ; to keep on at sb harceler qn, casser les pieds ○ à qn (to do pour qu'il fasse) ;

▶ keep [sb/sth] on garder [employee, flat, hat, shoes].

■ keep out:

▶ keep out of [sth]

1 ( not enter) ne pas entrer dans [area, house] ; ‘keep out!’ ( on notice) ‘défense d'entrer’ ;

2 ( avoid being exposed to) rester à l'abri de [sun, rain, danger] ;

3 ( avoid getting involved in) ne pas se mêler de [argument] ; keep out of this! ne t'en mêle pas! ; to keep out of sb's way, to keep out of the way of sb ( not hinder) ne pas encombrer qn ; ( avoid seeing) éviter qn ; try to keep out of trouble! essaie de bien te conduire! ;

▶ keep [sb/sth] out, keep out [sb/sth] ( not allow to enter) ne pas laisser entrer [person, animal] ; to keep the rain out empêcher la pluie d'entrer ; I wore an extra pullover to keep out the cold j'ai mis un pull-over de plus pour me protéger du froid ; to keep sb out of sth ( not allow to get involved in) ne pas vouloir mêler qn à qch ; ( not allow to enter) ne pas laisser entrer qn dans qch ; to keep sb out of trouble empêcher qn de faire des bêtises ; to keep sb/sth out of sb's way faire en sorte que qn/qch ne soit pas sur le chemin de qn.

■ keep to:

▶ keep to [sth] ( stick to) lit ne pas s'écarter de, rester sur [road, path] ; fig respecter, s'en tenir à [timetable, facts, plan] ; respecter [law, rules] ; ‘keep to the left/right’ ‘tenez votre gauche/droite’ ; to keep to one's bed garder le lit ; to keep to one's home rester chez soi ;

▶ keep sb to [sth] ( cause to remain on) empêcher qn de s'écarter de [route] ; forcer qn à tenir [promise] ;

▶ keep [sth] to ( restrict) limiter [qch] à [weight, number] ; to keep sth to oneself garder qch pour soi [secret, information, opinion] ; he can't keep his hands to himself ○ il a les mains baladeuses ○ ; keep your hands to yourself! bas les pattes ○ !

■ keep under:

▶ keep [sb] under

1 ( dominate) assujettir, soumettre [race, slaves, inhabitants] ;

2 ( cause to remain unconscious) maintenir [qn] inconscient.

■ keep up:

▶ keep up

1 ( progress at same speed) ( all contexts) [car, runner, person] suivre ; [business rivals, competitors] rester à la hauteur ;

2 ( continue) [price] se maintenir ; if the rain keeps up I'm not going s'il continue à pleuvoir je n'y vais pas ;

▶ keep [sth] up, keep up [sth]

1 ( cause to remain in position) tenir [trousers] ; ‘keep your hands up!’ ( by gunman) ‘gardez les mains en l'air!’ ;

2 ( continue) continuer [attack, bombardment, studies] ; entretenir [correspondence, friendship] ; maintenir [membership, tradition] ; garder [pace] ; to keep up the pressure continuer à faire pression (for pour obtenir ; on sur) ; he kept up his German by going to evening classes il a entretenu son allemand en suivant des cours du soir ; to keep up one's strength/spirits garder ses forces/le moral ; keep it up!, keep up the good work! continuez comme ça! ;

▶ keep [sb] up ( maintain awake) faire veiller [child, person] ; [noise, illness] empêcher [qn] de dormir ; I hope I'm not keeping you up ( politely) j'espère que je ne vous oblige pas à veiller ; ( ironically) j'espère que je ne vous empêche pas de dormir.

■ keep up with:

▶ keep up with [sb/sth]

1 ( progress at same speed as) ( physically) aller aussi vite que [person, group] ; ( mentally) suivre [class, work, lecture] ; [company, country] se maintenir à la hauteur de [competitors] ; Econ [wages, pensions] suivre [prices, inflation, cost of living] ; faire face à [demand] ;

2 ( be informed about) suivre [fashion, developments, news] ;

3 ( remain in contact with) garder le contact avec [schoolfriends, colleagues]. ⇒ end, pecker.

Big English-French dictionary > keep

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is there a seat spare

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